Ruth Harris is the Executive Director of National Security and Data Science at RAND Europe where she has been for 7 years and leads a team of around 100 researchers. She works on issues including deterrence, economic security, societal resilience, supply chains, critical minerals, great power competition and geopolitical strategy. Prior to joining RAND she served for 25 years in the Royal Air Force, with tours in Afghanistan and Iraq, humanitarian and disaster relief operations in Africa, Pakistan and Haiti and held appointments within NATO HQ and SHAPE and completed tours in the US and Middle East. Ruth holds a MPhil in International Relations, an MA in Defence and Security Studies, and an MSc in Conflict Studies and Disaster Response.