Professor emeritus at the University of Athens, Department of Economics. He studied Law, Economics & Political Sciences in Athens. PhD in economics at the Free University of Berlin (1973). Professor of Economics at the University of Athens. Ex-Minister of Labour and Social Affairs, Alternate Foreign Minister and Foreign Minister, Minister of the Interior. Chief Economic Advisor to the PM (1994-2000). Chairman of the Board of HELPE S.A. (2009-2011) and Lamda Development S.A. (2015-). Author of many books and articles. Most recent: ‘The pension system, development and the macro-economy: the nexus (2020), ‘Crisis Management in Greece: the shaping of new economic and social balances’ (with St. Zografakis, 2018), ‘The State and Economic Development (1955-2018)’ (collective Band, Oxford University Press, 2020), ‘Reflections on Banking Union’ in: L. Papademos (ed), Monetary Policy, Banking Union and Economic Growth (2017), ‘Industrial Policy in Times of Crisis: The Case of Greece’ (with I. Kastelli, 2014).